6 Interior Design Tips for Autism Spectrum Disorder
The growing population of individuals with developmental disorders, including Autism Spectrum Disorder, have been under represented in the world of architecture and interior design. Sensory deficits can make the built environment a distracting, chaotic, and even frightening place. ASD is a complicated neurological disorder with a wide range of sensory processing deficits. It is, therefore, imperative to first learn about an individual’s sensitivities and level of functioning. What are the overwhelming elements? What adjustments need to be made to optimize the experience for the adult or child with ASD?
Once a designer has a clear picture of hyper and hypo-sensitivities to sight, sound, vestibular motion, or proprioception (sense of body’s location), he or she can begin to address interior elements that either support or detract from the home environment.
Designing for ASD can improve the quality of life at home by fostering independence, ensuring safety, and supporting the learning process. All while preparing for challenges faced in the outside world. Here are 6 ways to transform the living space from frustrating to positive.
1. LIGHT – Install dimmers or use lamps with softer light. Consider black out curtains in the bedroom and blinds or roman shades in rooms with the longest hours of sunlight. Avoid florescent lighting.
2. ACOUSTICS – Well-insulated rooms help absorb sound. Bookshelves, rugs, and window treatments may also reduce noise levels, especially in rooms with higher ceilings. Acoustic manipulation, made possible with pink noise machines, can save sensitive ears from jarring sounds. Unlike white noise, a higher frequency that should be avoided, pink noise is a soothing sonic hue that promotes sleep and relaxation.
3. COLOR - Choose from neutrals or muted pastels. A soft color palette lends to a tranquil atmosphere.
4. SPATIAL CONFIGURATION – Clean and clutter free spaces are ideal for ASD individuals easily overwhelmed or that have a compulsive-like need for cleanliness. Storage for loose items and furniture placement influence the organization, function and the privacy of a space. Sub-divided rooms offer unobstructed sightlines for previewing and wayfinding.
5. SENSORY INTEGRATION – Carving out space dedicated to sensory experience, where an ASD child or family member go to relax and self-regulate, creates opportunity to stimulate the senses with less anxiety. Low light, weighted blankets, cocoon swings, and tactile activities set the stage.
6. BIOPHILIC INFLUENCE – Studies show that exposure to nature has a profound impact on humans. Incorporating natural elements in and around the home has proven to enhance creativity, cognition, improve coping skills, and stimulate positive social interactions for both neuro-typical and neuro-diverse individuals.